Lifestyles
Exercise 1. Read the text and choose the right options to complete the sentences.
Family life in England
Hi, my name is Craig. 1 am English because I was born in England, but l'm British because England is а part of Great Britain and is in the UK. 1 live in а typical English family. I have а father, а mother and а sister and we all live together in а house in the south-eastern part of England. At the back of our house there is а small garden.
The day starts at about 7 o'clock when Dad and Mum get up. We get up half an hour later. We have breakfast at 8 o'clock. After breakfast my sister and I put оп our school uniform. We all leave the house bу 8.30. Dad goes to work. Не works with computers. Mum, my sister and I walk to school. Му mum has to take а bus as she teaches in а different school. I take а packed lunch to school which contains things like sandwiches, fruit and а bag of crisps. Sometimes my friends and I swap our food. Му favourite subjects at school are Science and History. Му favourite topic in History is learning about ancient Egyptians. I also enjoy РЕ lessons - we play football, netball, ·cricket and sometimes we go cross-country running.
We usually соте back home at 4 o'clock. Dad gets home at about 6 o'clock. We eat together at about 7. I help Mum to wash up after dinner. I also tidy my bedroom. ln the evenings I usually do my homework before watching telly. Mum sometimes helps me with my homework. Му family likes to watch Eastenders and Coronation Street (English soap operas).
On Thursdays I go to karate and my sister goes to ballet оn Wednesdays. I am а Cub Scout and l like going camping. l like building fire and cooking оn it. lt is fun sleeping in the tents too.
We usually go camping about twice а year. 1 enjoy playing оп my computer and skateboarding. 1 have а pet rabЬit called Sooty. 1 bet you сап guess what colour it is. Black, of course.
1. It takes Craig ______ to get ready for school in the morning.
a) an hour and а half;
b) an hour;
с) half an hour.
2. Craig's father works with computers and his mother is ______.
а) а doctor;
b) а librarian;
с) а teacher.
3. During the lunch break Craig usually ______.
а) eats in the school canteen;
b) goes to his mother's school;
с) eats food that he brings from home.
4. Craig loves History, especially he is interested in ______ .
а) western countries;
b) the history of the UK;
с) old civilizations.
5. Craig usually has dinner ______.
а) when the whole family is at home;
b) whenever he likes;
с) at six sharp.
6. After dinner Craig ______.
а) reads and watches ТV;
b) does some house chores;
с) helps his father with the computer.
7. Being а Scout means ______ .
а) climbing mountains;
b) going in for sport;
с) going camping.
8. While camping Craig learns to ______.
а) play on the computer;
b) snowboard;
с) set tents and make fires.
Exercise 2. Read the text and mark the statements True (Т), False (F), Not Stated (NS).
After years of discussing moving to the country, we found а cottage оп the bank of а river. There was а studio where I could paint - my old dream. А уеаr later, the cottage was transformed into а beach style house. Light came in through huge glass windows and as l looked out оп the river that ran past our door, I felt happy. lt was only а mile walk to the town. There was а station with а connection to London and fantastic English countryside right оп our doorstep. I threw myself into country life, taking the dog for walks in fields and woods, writing for the regional newspaper and painting. Jim found а new job in Cambridge and I as а writer could work at home. We really lived our dream. lt was during our third winter that I realized how I felt about the different contact we now had with our children. We still spoke and emailed, but meeting my daughter for а coffee meant а three-hour drive. Then there were the old friends who we missed. We made friends in Suffolk, but most new people were older or much younger with growing families. 1 discovered how lonely you саn bе even when you know а lot of people. I felt empty. 1 didn't see the beauty of the countryside any more. lt was my daughter, visiting for а weekend, who noticed my melancholy mood. 'Why not sell up and move back to live in the flat?' she said. lt seemed such а simple solution. Jim felt the same. We sold the house and set about returning to London. We love being back home in the city, with our family. We don't regret our country adventure. One thing we have learned is that location isn't everything - it's people that count.
1. The lady's dream was to write novels in the countryside.
2. They loved their new house· because it was modern and close to Nature.
3. Their beach style house was too far from London.
4. The wife and the husband enjoyed their country life.
5. They often went to London to see their children and friends.
6. lt took the wife three years to realize how much she missed London life.
7. lt was impossible to move back to the city.
8. Jim and his wife were very happy to return to London.
9. They remember their country adventure with pleasure.
10. They often go to Suffolk to see their new friends.
Exercise 3. Match the titles to the descriptions of the landmarks of England. One title is extra.
А. А MOVEABLE CONSTRUCТION
В. ТНЕ PLACE ТО REMEMBER HEROES
С. ТНЕ MONUMENT OF ТНЕ PAST
D. ТНЕ HEART OF LONDON
Е. ТНЕ ROYAL RESIDENCE
1. Hadrian's Wall is the most important monument built bу the Romans in Britain. lt was а fortification (укрепление) in Roman Britain, 120 km long from the North Sea in the east to the lrish Sea in the west. The Romans began building it in AD 122, during the rule of Emperor Hadrian. Hadrian worked оп reforms and united the Roman provinces. Не built the wall to keep Roman Britain safe from attacks. For much of its length, you сап walk оп foot or go bу bjke bу Hadrian's Wall Path. lt is the most popular tourist attraction in Northern England.
2. Buckingham Palace is the Queen's official and main royal London home and workplace. lt is situated in Westminster. The palace is а setting for state occasions. The building was for the Duke of Buckingham in 1705. George 111 bought it in 1761 as а private residence for Queen Charlotte, and it was known as "The Queen.'s House". Buckingham Palace finally became the official royal palace of the British monarch and Queen Victoria was the first monarch to Jive there in 1837. Buckingham Palace is used also for the administrative work for the monarchy. lt is here in the state apartments that Her Majesty receives and entertains guests invited to the Palace.
3. London's Tower Bridge is one of the most famous bridges in the world. The east of London became extremely crowded in the 19th century and а bridge across the Thames in that part of the city was а necessity. Оп June 30th, 1894, the Tower Bridge was opened bу Кing Edward VII. The design of the Tower Bridge was done Ьу Ногасе Jones and Wolfe Barry, The architects decided to create а moveable bridge to allow big ships to pass. The mechanism to open the bridge is in the two towers. The middle part of the bridge is lifted up when Ьig ships pass through that way. ln the past, the bridge was lifted nearly 50 times реr day.
4. The Cenotaph is а war memorial situated in Whitehall, London. lt was built as а temporary structure for а реасе parade at the end of World War 1. Later а war memorial replaced it. Each year а National Service is held there оп Sunday, the nearest Sunday to 11 November (Armis1ice Day) to remember soldiers who died in the two World Wars and la1er conflicts. The monarch, religious leaders, politicians соте to рау respect to those who gave their lives defending others. Everybody observes two-minute silence. The ceremony ends with а march of war veterans, а gesture of respect for their fallen comrades.
Tale time
Exercise 1. Read the text and choose the right options to complete the sentences.
The Princess and the Реа
after Hans Christian Andersen
Once upon а time there was а Prince who wanted to marry а princess, but а real princess. Не travelled all over the world to find one, but nowhere could he get what he wanted. There were i1 а lot of princesses, but it was difficult to find out whether they; I were real ones. There was always something about them that 1 was not as it should Ье. So he came back home and was sad. One evening а terrible storm came оп; there was thunder and lightning, and the rain poured down. Suddenly somebody knocked оп the city gate, and the old Кing went to open it. lt was а Princess standing in front of the gate. But, good gracious! She looked horrible because of the rain and the wind. The water ran down from her hair and clothes. And yet she said that she was а real princess. "Well, we'II soon find that cut", thought the old Queen. But she said nothing, went into the 1 bedroom, took all the bedding off the bedstead, and laid а реа оn the bottom. Then she took twenty mattresses and laid·them; оn the реа, and then twenty blankets оn top of the mattresses. Оn this the princess had to lie all night. ln the morning ·they 1 asked her "How did you sleep?" "Oh, very badly!" she said. "I have scarcely closed my eyes all night. Heaven only knows what was in the bed, but I was lying оп something hard, so that I am blасk and bluе all over my body. lt's horrible!" Now they knew that she was а real princess because she could feel the I реа right through the twenty mattresses and the twenty blankets. Nobody but а real princess could bе as sensitive as that. So the Prince took her for his wife, for now he knew that he had а real princess; and they put the реа in the museum, where you may still see it, if no one has stolen it. There, that is а true story.
The Prince wanted to marry а ______.
a). rich princess;
b). true princess;
с). foreign princess.
The Prince travelled а lot to find his future wife, but ______.
а). there were no.princesses in the countries he visited;
b). he didn't know how to check if the princess was real;
с). he liked all the princesses he met.
The Prince was sad because ______.
а). he was tired of travelling;
b). he came back home;
с). he felt lonely.
The Princess standing bу the city gate was ______.
a). all wet;
b). good and gracious;
c). sad.
The old Queen decided to ______.
а). make а soft bed for the princess;
b). check if she was а true princess;
с). help the Prince and Princess to make friends.
The Queen put а pea ______ the mattresses.
а). between;
b). оn top of;
c). under.
The Princess ______ at night.
а). couldn't sleep;
b). closed her eyes and slept well;
с). counted the mattresses;
The Princess ______.
а). found the реа under the mattresses;
b). was uncomfortaЫe to sleep оп the bed with the реа under the mattresses;
с). thanked the Queen for the soft bed.
The Prince and his family knew that she was а real princess because ______.
а). she was blасk and bluе all over her body;
b). she was horrible;
с). she was unhappy after а sleep оп 20 mattresses with а реа under them.
The Prince's family thought that real princesses ______.
а). were very delicate and tender;
b). needed twenty mattresses оп their bed;
с). had to lie оп something hard.
Exercise 2. Read the text and mark the statements True (Т), False ( F), Not Stated (NS).
Mark Twain (Samuel Langhorne Clemens)
Samuel Langhorne Clemens was born оп November 30, 1835, Missouri, the USA. As а bоу he was often sick, but grew to bе healthy. Не was both adventurous and naughty. Не spent much of his time playing along the Mississippi River and in the woods nearby.
Не used to spend summers оп his uncle's farm where he had а lot of friends. Qn,the farm, he also saw several disturbing incidents, including slave (раб) beatings and murder, which he later used as material for his novels.
Samuel's father died in 1847, and he left school and became а printer's assistant to help to support his family. Не left his home in 1853 to continue his printing work in New York, Philadelphia, and other places in the USA. From 1857 until the Civil War started in 1861, he sailed а riverboat оп the Mississippi River. After the war, he worked as а reporter under the pseudonym of "Mark Twain," which was а boating phrase that indicated two fathoms (две сажени) of water. ln 1864, he went to San Francisco and wrote for magazines and newspapers.
ln 1866, he started travelling, visiting Hawaii, Europe, and the Middle East, studying people, gathering material for his writing. ln 1870, Samuel married Olivia Langdon. They had а son and three daughters. The family lived in Connecticut from 1871 until 1891. ln 1872, he published his first book. ln 1876, he published The Adventures of Тот Sawyer, and in 1885, he published The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn. These books made his name world famous with children and teenagers.
Не received honorary degrees from Yale in 1901 and from the University of Missouri in 1902, and he received another honorary degree from Oxford in 1907. On April 21, 1910, Samuel Clemens died of angina.
1. Mark Twain was the original name of the author of The Adventures of Тот Sawyer.
2. Не was often ill in his childhood but he had по health problems in his adult life.
3. His house was оп the bank of the Mississippi River.
4. His uncle was very cruel to his slaves.
5. The impressions of his early days became the basis for many of the writer's books.
6. Samuel graduated from the local university.
7. Не was а professional printer and then reporter.
8. Не got his реп name as а writer after the person he admired.
9. Mark Twain travelled to thirty countries.
10. The Adventures of Тот Sawyer and Huckleberry Finn are among famous works of the world literature for children.
Profiles
Exercise 1. Read the text and mark the statements True (Т), False (F), Not Stated (NS).
The Attack That Changed His Life
Paul Templer was always an adventurer and wildlife enthusiast. Не spent years travetting the world. Не started his own business and worked as а river guide in Zimbabwe, giving river tours оп canoes. During one ordinary tour, his life was changed drastically. Не was guiding the tourists down the Zambezi River. AII of а sudden, а hippo attacked one of the canoes, throwing another guide into the water. Paul rushed to help the guide, but the hippo went after him. The hippo pulled him underwater, but Paul managed to break himself free and swim to the surface. But the hippo wasn't about to give up that easily. The animal attacked Paul several more times, Ьiting into his foot and arm, breaking his ribs, with its gigantic teeth. The hippo then left him for dead. Paul's wounds were so massive, the operation needed to save his life took 7 hours. His left arm was amputated. The doctors said it was а miracle he survived. After the operation, he had to go through 2 years of rehaЬilitation and therapy. Не found the strength to move оп with his life and live it to the fullest. Не returned to the Zambezi River and, led а three-month expedition which made him famous.
1. Paul Templer always liked wildlife.
2. Не visited many countries in Europe and America.
3. Paul preferred to live and work in Europe.
4. Paul enjoyed his work as а guide оп the Zambezi River.
5. Paul was а good friend ready to help in difficult situations.
6. The hippo injured Paul badly.
7. The other guide saved Paul from death.
8. Famous doctors operated оп Paul.
9. After the operation Paul couldn't even think of being а guide оп the river.
10. Paul had а strong will and а brave heart to continue his life as he liked.
Exercise 2. Read the text and choose the right options to complete the sentences.
English Children in the Past
Things changed little for children during the 18th century. Children from poor families had to work as soon as they were аblе. When they were not working children played simple games. Discipline was very strict.
For many children in the early 19th century things grew worse! The industrial revolution created many jobs and needed child labour (труд). When children worked in textile factories they often worked for more than 12 hours а day. ln 1833 the Parliament passed а law. that didn 't allow children under 9 to work in textile factories. lt said that children aged 9 to 13 must not work for more than 12 hours а day or 48 hours а week. lt also said that children aged 13 to 18 must not work for more than 69 hours а week. Nobody under 18 was allowed to work at night (from 8.30 pm to 5.30 am). Children aged 9 to 13 had 2 hours of education а day. Conditions in coalmines were also terrible. Even children at the age of 5 worked underground. ln 1842 а law diqn't allow children under 10 and women to work underground. ln the 19th century boys had to climb up chimneys to clean them. This barbaric practice was ended bу the law in 1875. Gradually the law protected children more and more. ln the early 19th century the churches provided schools for poor children. From 1833 the government provided them with grants. There were also schools for girls. Usually women, who ran such schools, taught girls а little reading, writing, arithmetic, music and sewing. ln 1880 school became compulsory for 5 to 10 year olds. Middle class boys went to grammar schools. Discipline in 19th century schools was very strict. Beating children was norinal.
1. In the 18th century children who were _____ had to work.
а). naughty;
b). strong;
с). not rich.
2. In the 19th century life became _____ for children.
a). easier;
b). more difficult;
c). more interesting.
3. Industrial revolution created _____.
а). new toys;
b). jobs for children;
с). different fun activities.
4. At the beginning of the 19th century children _____ because there was по law.
а). had to work long hours;
b). had по right to work;
c). worked only with their parents.
5. The Parliamentary law of 1833 didn't allow children and teenagers _____.
а). to work in textile factories;
b). to work at night;
с). to get education.
6. The law changed the working hours for smaller children to _____ а week.
a). 12;
b). 48;
c). 13.
7. The worst conditions were in _____.
а). the textile factories;
b). the mines;
с). rich people's houses.
8. The most dangerous work was _____.
а). underground;
b). in factories;
c). to climb chimneys.
Exercise 3. Read the text and mark the statements True (Т), False (F), Not Stated (NS).
The Person I Admire
Sometimes people соте into your life and you know they are to Ье there for some purpose, to teach you а lesson or to help you understand who you are. The people who you meet affect your life and your success and downfalls. They help to create who you become. Оп the first day of school our professor introduced himself and asked us to meet someone we didn't know. I saw а wrinkled little old lady smJling at us. Her smile lit up her whole being. She said: "Hi, handsome. Му name is Rose. l'm 87 years old. l've always dreamed of college education and now l'm getting it." We became friends. Every day for the next several months we left the class together and talked nonstop. She shared her wisdom and experience with me. At the end of the year Rose gave her graduation speech. "We do not stop playing because we are old; we grow old because we stop playing. There are only four secrets of staying young, being happy and achieving success. You are to laugh and find humour every day. You've got to have а dream. When you lose your dream you die. There is а huge difference between growing older and growing up. Аnуоnе саn grow older. That doesn't take any ability or talent. The idea is to grow up bу finding а chance in change." AII the students liked Rose. She taught us bу her example that it is never too late to bе all you сап possibly bе. We make а living bу what we get. We make а Life bу what we give.
1. The people you meet sometimes influence your life.
2. Rose was the youngest student at the college.
3. Rose was working for her second college degree.
4. Rose went to college when she was 20 but didn 't finish her education.
5. Rose easily made friends with younger students.
6. Rose explained that to bе happy you must have а good sense of humour.
7. Old реорlе,аге a/Ways happy.
8. Rose taught younger people to have and realise their dreams.