1. Read the text and do the following assignments.

ABOUT TRAVELL

Millions of people all over the world spend their holidays travelling. They travel to see other countries and continents, modern cities and the ruins of ancient towns, they travel to enjoy splendid places, or just for a change of scene. It is always interesting to discover  new things, different ways of life, to meet different people, to try different food, to listen to different musical rhythms.
Thanks to different type of transport we can realize all this. People can travel by train, by plane, by boat, by car, etc. All ways of travelling have their advantages and disadvantages. And people choose one according to their plans and destinations.
But besides that we need to choose a way of travel, we need to complete some more points. First of all, we need to choose the place where we want to go to rest. Travel agencies can help us with this. They have a huge choice of directions. If you have money, you can buy an expensive ticket to the Maldives or Seychelles. If you don't have much money, you may be offered cheap directions. They will also help you to buy tickets for any transport and book a hotel room. If you know exactly where you want to go, you can do without a booking office. However, you will have to book a hotel room or a bed in hostel and buy transport tickets in book offices yourself.
When you have already solved these problems, you must pack a luggage, take documents and go on a trip. But we remember to have to go through customs control. It is necessary! Customs officers must make sure that you are an honest person. When you have completed all these points, you can go to any place. Upon arrival, you need to check in at the hotel from 2 p.m. to 12 p.m. And that's it, now you can enjoy the beautiful view from windows of hotel, taste new foods and communicate with new people. But don't forget that you need to check out on time. Otherwise, you will not be grossly admitted! Enjoy your stay!

a) Match English words with their translation.

b)  Fill in the gaps.
to check out, expensive, to book, cheap, a ticket
Martin found a ... room on a Booking.com.
We can afford to buy an ... car to travel around our country.
George always buys plane ... on Avisales.
We need to ... from the hotel at 10 a.m.
Merial ... a ticket to Iceland for next month.
c) “True” or “False”
1. People travel to other countries and cities to enjoy the views and change the scenery.
2. People can only travel by plane.
3. We may not contact the travel agency if we have already chosen a place of rest.
4. Tickets can be expensive and cheap.
5. Check-in at the hotel takes place from 2 pm to 12 pm
2. Read the text and do the following tasks.

Global traffic jam

1. How long does it take you to get to school in the morning? In some big cities it can take ages to go anywhere and millions of people spend hours sitting in traffic jams. For example, in Peru the traffic is so bad during the rush hour that it is quicker to walk than to go by bus or car.
2 .The problem with walking to school is that you have to breathe, but in many countries the air is not exactly clean. In some cities the pollution caused by cars is so dangerous that people wear masks in the street.
3. There are very few cities with no cars. Venice is one of these and people get around on foot or by boat, by water buses or water taxis. It is more expensive to go by gondola and not very fast, but much more romantic!
4 .In many places public transport also gets very crowded in rush hours. In Tokyo there are special workers to push people into the underground trains. But if you go by underground you can avoid traffic jams and public transport causes less pollution.
5. Perhaps the best way of getting around is by getting on your bike. It can be more dangerous but a lot of big cities have special bicycle lanes. Going by bike does not cause any pollution and it’s good for your health.

Give each paragraph a title:

A. Traffic jam  B. Pollution danger  C.  No cars  D.  Public transport   E. By your bike!

Say true or false:
1.    Traffic jams are bad during the rush hour
2.    The air in the cities is clean
3.    There are no cities with no cars
4.    In Venice you can go by gondola
5.    Public transport doesn’t cause pollution
6.    It’s not dangerous to go by bike

Answer the questions:

What is the situation in Peru?
Do people wear masks? Why?
Do you think it’s healthier to live in Venice?
What about public transport? How often do you use it? Is it dangerous? Is it healthy?
What is the best way to get anywhere?
Can we use bicycles in Moscow?
How long does it take you to get to school?
What transport do you use?

3. Match the headings 1-6 to the sentences A-E and write them in the table below. There is one heading which you don’t need to use.
1. Resistance to change
2. Innovation in action
3. Changing your routine
4. A change for the better
5. Changes in social trends
6. Changing roles

A The arrival of a new baby is always a marvellous thing but the change can be disruptive and even stressful, especially for first time parents. It is difficult to cope with the sleepless nights and constant demands of a newborn so it is important to organize your day differently to accommodate for these circumstances. For example, afternoon naps can help parents catch up on much-needed sleep.

B The first time I saw Sheffield park, I was shocked because it was a mess and it obviously hadn’t been looked after in years. When I came back to the park five years later, it looked much neater and I had a nice walk around. Parks are not very trendy these days, the probably never have been, but they are an important part of a town and should be well managed.

C Popular music seems to be running out of ideas. A recent trend is to take hits as far back as the 50-s and 60-s and re-release them with the lyrics changed. For many, there is something sacrilegious in seeing classics such as Beatles’ All you need is love downloadable as I met her online. The melody is the same but the words and sense are completely different, completely distorting the original song.

D this innovative executive programme give professionals from different fields the opportunity to exchange positions for a limited period and gain a completely new insight into the business world. To give a recent example, Paula Wright, sales manager in pharmaceuticals firm, spent three months as a consultant in an accountancy company. Her feedback and comments can be found on the websiteat the top of this brochure.

E The first time that talking pictures were shown in cinemas was the 1920s with movies like The Jazz Singer. These films were expensive to make and the actual content was often little improvement on silent movies, but the quickly caught movie goers’ imagination. Talking pictures soon became trendy, in no small part thanks to technological advances which meant that dialogue sequences could be longer.

4. Read the text and complete the missing parts A-F with the clauses 1-7. Complete the table below. There is one extra clause which you do not need to use.

Canals
You won’t go far in Britain without coming across a canal. The canal network in Britain covers almost 3,500 kilometres A___.
Canals are still in use and they are very much part of the British landscape. It was the Romans who introduced canals to Britain, mainly to link rivers. But canal building really started in the industrial revolution, from the eighteenth to the nineteenth century, B____. The road system was then under-developed so an alternative was badly needed. The first major canal was the Bridgewater canal in 1761.
C____, the Bridgewater canal was an engineering masterpiece and it had a dramatic effect on local industries: coal prices fell 60 %. The Bridgewater canal started what can be called a canal boom.
In the early days, boats were pulled by horses. With a boat, it was possible for a horse to pull more than ten times what it could in a cart. Horses were used D____. Animal lovers certainly welcomed this change because the life of a canal horse was far from easy.
The use of canals started to fall in the middle of the nineteenth century when railways started to be built. Trains were much faster, economical E____. A whole way of life changed as canals were much more than just transport. Whole families used to live on canal boats.
F_____, when many were just abandoned, canals have become popular again as tourist attractions or holiday destinations. Canal tours, with the boats a lot more comfortable today, are a great way of appreciating British history. Long may this tradition continue.

1. and they could just carry more things and people
2. named after the man who designed the whole project
3. despite being quite expensive compared to other forms of transport
4. but most of them are concentrated in England
5. in spite of going through a long period of decline and neglect
6. when manufacturers and customers needed cheaper and quicker transport
7. until they were replaced by steam and other power sources