Задание B2. Понимание основного содержания текста.
Тренировочное задание № 1.
В2. Установите соответствие между заголовками 1-8 и текстами A-G. Занесите свои ответы в таблицу. Используйте каждую цифру только один раз. В задании один заголовок лишний.
1. Cultural activities 5. Financial assistance
2. Exchange programs 6. Special consideration
3. Formal means of assesments 7. Identification
4. Getting around the campus 8. Essay writing
A. For many courses in the University, the majority of your marks will be based on your written work. It is essential that you develop your skills as a writer for the different disciplines in which you study. Most departments offer advice and guidelines on how to present your written assignments. But you should be aware that the requirements may vary from one department to another.
B. There are two formal examination periods each year: first semester period beginning in June and the second period beginning in November. Additionally, individual departments may examine at other times and by various methods such as ‘take-home’ exams, assignments, orally, practical work and so on.
C. If you feel your performance in an examination has been adversely affected by illness or misadventure, you should talk to the course Coordinator in your department and complete the appropriate form. Each case is considered on its own merits.
D. The University has arrangements with colleges throughout the United States, Canada, Europe and Asia. The schemes are open to undergraduate and postgraduate students and allow you to complete a semester or a year of your study overseas. The results you gain are credited towards your degree at the University. This offers an exciting and challenging way of broadening your horizons as well as enriching your academic experience in a different environment and culture.
E. Youth Allowance may be available to full-time students. Reimbursement of travel costs may also be available in some cases. Postgraduate research funds are offered for full-time study towards Masters by Research or PhD degrees. These are competitive and the closing date for applications is 31 October in the year prior to the one for which the funds are sought.
F. Your student card, obtained on completion of enrollment, is proof that you are enrolled. Please take special care of it and carry it with you when you are at the University. You may be asked to show it to staff at any time. This card is also your discount card and access card for the Students’ Union as well as allowing you access to the library.
G. The University provides opportunities for a wide range of activities, from the production of films and plays, to concerts and magazines, and even art and photo exhibitions. If you have a creative idea in mind, pick up a form from ACCESS on Level 3 of the College Wandsworth Building and fill it through. All the ideas will be considered.
| A | B | C | D | E | F | G |
Тренировочное задание № 2.
В2. Установите соответствие между заголовками 1-8 и текстами A-G. Занесите свои ответы в таблицу. Используйте каждую цифру только один раз. В задании один заголовок лишний.
1. Dancing helps to overcome difficulties 5. Hip-Hop movement
2. Boy’s talents 6. Senseless Life
3. Youth’s life in Bronx 7. Youth’s hobbies in Belafonte’s film
4. Popularity of breakdance 8. Personal view of the film
A. These three young men belong to ‘Hip-Hop’. This movement developed during the seventies in the USA, especially in the New York Bronx. It includes rap-songs, graffiti paintings as well as breakdance. For young boys and girls this movement is becoming more and more a kind of expression. They see it as a way to achieve something. Here they can express their longing for admiration, their desires and their disappointments.
B. For too many young people in the USA - especially those living in slums such as the New York Bronx - life seems to be without sense. “Only living people are able to cry. People murder people. A world without sense.” This is their reaction sung in a rap-song.
C. The film isn’t a copy of usual breakdance films. Belafonte shows more. He shows the life of youth in the Bronx and their thrilling joy of life. And he demonstrates breakdance in nearly acrobatic pictures. Little Lee, whose feet seem to be of gum when the rhythm of breakdancing not only as a means of earning some cents. For him it is more than just dancing. In it he expresses his disappointments and his longing for something better.
D. Those young people - Black and White - create a world of their own - a wild, crazy, colourful world, and the rhythm of their music is their pulsation. For a short time they forget the cruelty of daily life in a world without illusions and without pity. The film tries to seize light and darkness of that life.
E. So it is understandable why little Black Lee is breakdancing in the streets of New York, why Ramon - an unemployed white boy who is painting the white trains of the New York subway - considers himself to be an artist. And Kenny, who is unemployed, too, as a disc jockey produces his own music, mixing it with the help of things like dropping watertaps or brushes, thus producing a truly fascinated music. The reaction of his audience speaks for itself.
F. My first impression was that the problem dealt with is not presented as cliches, everybody gets a lot background information. In an interview Harry Belafonte said: “I’ve followed break-development attentively. It is an outcry of a youth we all have forgotten. A shriek of a youth without future in reality, with true ‘no future’...”
G. Breakdance, graffiti-painting, rap-songs, Hip-Hops... - fascinating words, but what about their background? What make Black youth in the USA engage in such admittedly impressive hobbies? “Beat Street”, a film produced by Harry Belafonte, provides some information. There a lot of pros and cons about this film, a lot of different opinions about it.
| A | B | C | D | E | F | G |
Задание B3. Понимание структурно-смысловых связей текста.
Тренировочное задание № 1.
B3. Прочитайте текст и заполните пропуски A-F частями предложений, обозначенных цифрами 1-7. Одна из частей в списке 1-7 лишняя. Занесите цифры, обозначающие соответствующие части предложений, в таблицу.
Ordinary people all over the world are willing to risk their lives for the ultimate experience - an ‘adrenaline buzz’. What basic human need is driving them to do it?
Risk sports are one of the fastest-growing leisure activities. Daredevils try anything from organized bungee jumps to illegally jumping off buildings. These people never feel so alive as A ________________________. In their quest for the ultimate sensation, thrill-seekers are thinking up more and more elaborate sports.
So why do some people’s lives seem to be dominated by the ‘thrill factor’, В___________________________? Some say that people who do risk sports are reacting against society C__________________________. David Lewis, a psychologist, believes that people today crave adventure. In an attempt to guarantee safety, our culture has eliminated risk. “The world has become a bland and safe place”, says Lewis. “People used to be able to seek adventure by hunting wild animals, D__________________________. Now they turn to risk sports as an escape”.
Risk sports have a positive side as well. They help people to overcome fears E___________________________. This makes risk sports particularly valuable for executives in office jobs who need to stay alert so that F_____________________________. They learn that being frightened doesn’t mean they can’t be in control.
1. that affect them in their real lives.
2. which they feel has become dull and constricting.
3. when they are risking their lives.
4. or taking part expeditions.
5. which means that you are about to risk your life.
6. while others are perfectly happy to sit at home by fire.
7. they can cope when things go wrong.
| A | B | C | D | E | F |
Тренировочное задание № 2.
B3. Прочитайте текст и заполните пропуски A-F частями предложений, обозначенных цифрами 1-7. Одна из частей в списке 1-7 лишняя. Занесите цифры, обозначающие соответствующие части предложений, в таблицу.
On the 14th of February 1966 Australians said goodbye to the currency denomination A______________________. Naturally enough when the British established what was then a penal colony, they used the currency denominations of their homeland, В______________________. From as early as 1901, when Australia gained independence from Britain, there had been discussion about the introduction of decimal currency, C_____________________.
Nevertheless it was more than half a century before it was introduced. The new notes and coins, D______________________, were roughly parallel to the old denominations. A dollar was the same colour and size as ten shillings, the note E___________________________. The two-dollar note was greenish in colour like the pound note, whose place it had taken. The only completely new coins introduced at this stage were the one- and two- cent coins, though many of the old coins, such as penny, the halfpenny and the threepence, ceased to be valid currency. Others, like the sixpence, the shilling and the two shilling coin, F_________________________, initially mingled with the new currency but were gradually withdrawn from circulation.
Australian school children, who had struggled with complicated sums done in the old currency, breathed a sigh of relief on that day because arithmetic suddenly became much easier. The government had put a lot of effort into educating older people as well as children about currency. Perhaps what people remember best is a little song, played constantly on radio and TV, in which they were told ‘be prepared folks when the coins begin to mix on the 14th of February 1966’.
1. which had an equivalent value in the old system
2. which were pounds, shillings and pence
3. which they had known since the European settlement of Australia in 1788
4. which were the same size respectively as the new five, ten and twenty cent coins
5. which has considerable advantages over non-decimal systems
6. whose currency denominations had not been accepted yet
7. whose names had been the subject of quite heated debate
| A | B | C | D | E | F |
Задания А15-А21. Полное и точное понимание информации в тексте.
Тренировочное задание № 1.
Прочитайте текст и выполните задания А15-А21. В каждом задании обведите цифру 1, 2, 3 или 4, соответствующую выбранному вами варианту ответа.
Brunetti was at the post office at seven-thirty the next morning, located the person in charge of the postmen, showed his warrant card, and explained that he wanted to speak to the postman who delivered mail to the area in Cannaregio near the Palazzo del Cammello. She told him to go to the first floor and ask in the second room on the left, where the Cannaregio postmen sorted their mail. The room was high-ceilinged, the entire space filled with long counters with sorting racks behind them. Ten or twelve people stood around, putting letters into slots or pulling them out and packing them into leather satchels. He asked the first person he encountered, a long-haired woman with a strangely reddened complexion, where he could find the person who delivered the mail to the Canale della Misericordia area. She looked at him with open curiosity, then pointed to a man halfway along the table and called out, “Mario, someone wants to talk to you.”
The man called Mario looked at them, then down at the letters in his hands. One by one, merely glancing at the names and addresses, he slipped them quickly into the slots in front of him, then walked over to Brunetti. He was in his late thirties, Brunetti guessed, with light brown hair that fell in a thick wedge across his forehead. Brunetti introduced himself and started to take his warrant card out again, but the postman stopped him with a gesture and suggested they talk over coffee.
They walked down to the bar, where Mario ordered two coffees and asked Brunetti what he could do for him.
“Did you deliver mail to Maria Battestini at Cannaregio ...?”
“Yes. I delivered her mail for three years. I must have taken her, in that time, thirty or forty items of registered mail, had to climb all those steps to get her to sign for them.”
Brunetti anticipated his anger at never having been tipped and waited for him to give voice to it, but the man simply said, “I don't expect to be tipped, especially by old people, but she never even said thank you.”
“Isn't that a lot of registered mail?” Brunetti asked. “How often did they come?”
“Once a month,” the postman answered. “As regular as a Swiss watch. And it wasn't letters, but those padded envelopes, you know, the sort you send photos or CDs in.”
Or money, thought Brunetti, and asked, “Do you remember where they came from?”
“There were a couple of addresses, I think,” Mario answered. “They sounded like charity things, you know, Care and Share, and Child Aid. That sort of thing.”
“Can you remember any of them exactly?” “I deliver mail to almost four hundred people,” he said by way of answer.
“Do you remember when they started?”
“Oh, she was getting them already when I started on that route.”
“Who had the route before you?” Brunetti asked.
“Nicolo Matucci, but he retired and went back to Sicily.”
Brunetti left the subject of the registered packages and asked, “Did you bring her bank statements?” - “Yes, every month,” he said, and recited the names of the banks. “Those and the bills were the only things she ever got, except for some other registered letters.”
“Do you remember where those were from?”
“Most of them came from people in the neighbourhood, complaining about the television.” Before Brunetti could ask him about how he knew this, Mario said, “They all told me about them, wanted to be sure that the letters were delivered. Everyone heard it, that noise, but there was nothing they could do. She's old. That is, she was old, and the police wouldn't do anything. They're useless.” He looked up suddenly at Brunetti and said, “Excuse me.”
Brunetti smiled and waved it away with an easy smile. “No, you're right,” Brunetti went on, “there's nothing we can do, not really. The person who complains can bring a case, but that means that people from some department - I don't know what its name is, but it takes care of complaints about noise - have to go in to measure the decibels of the noise to see if it's really something called 'aural aggression’, but they don't work at night, or if they get called at night, they don't come until the next morning, by which time whatever it was has been turned down.” Like all policemen in the city, he was familiar with the situation, and like them, he knew it had no solution
А15. Which of the following happens in the first paragraph?
1). Everyone stops working when Brunetti enters the room.
2). Someone wonders why Brunetti is looking for Mario.
3). Brunetti is confused by something he is told.
4). Brunetti becomes impatient with someone.
А16. When Mario mentioned getting Maria Battestini to sign for registered mail,
1). he said that most old people weren't polite to postmen.
2). Brunetti asked him if her reaction had annoyed him.
3). he said that his efforts deserved a tip.
4). Brunetti formed an incorrect opinion about how he had felt.
А17. Mario mentions a Swiss watch to give an idea of
1). how similar the registered envelopes were.
2). the neat appearance of the registered envelopes.
3). the constant pattern of the arrival of the registered envelopes.
4). how unusual the registered envelopes were.
А18. When asked exactly where the registered envelopes came from, Mario
1). indicated that he could not be expected to remember that information.
2). suggested that the addresses had seemed strange to him at first.
3). said that someone else might have that information.
4). replied that there were too many addresses for him to remember.
А19. When they discussed other mail that Maria Battestini received, Mario
1). explained why he knew what some of it contained.
2). wasn't sure where some of the bank statements came from.
3). expressed surprise at the amount of it.
4). said that he had asked other people about it.
А20. When Mario mentioned the problem of noise, he made it clear that
1). he sympathized with the police in that situation.
2). he didn't want to criticize Brunetti personally.
3). nothing would have had any effect on the old woman.
4). he had discussed the matter with the police himself.
А21. When he talks about complaints about noise, Brunetti
1). suggests that he finds the system for dealing with them ridiculous.
2). explains that he is not sure what the system for dealing with them is.
3). says that he wishes that the police could deal with them.
4). says that the people who deal with them are always very busy.
Тренировочное задание № 2.
Прочитайте текст и выполните задания А15-А21. В каждом задании обведите цифру 1, 2, 3 или 4, соответствующую выбранному вами варианту ответа.
Harry Houdini, who died in 1927, was the entertainment phenomenon of the ragtime era. He could escape from chains and padlocks, from ropes and canvas sacks. They put him in a strait-jacket and hung him upside down from a skyscraper and he somehow untied himself. They tied him up in a locked packing case and sank him in Liverpool docks. Minutes later he surfaced smiling. They locked him in a zinc-lined Russian prison van and he emerged leaving the doors locked and the locks undamaged. They padlocked him in a milk chum full of water and he burst free. They put him in a coffin, screwed down the lid, and buried him and... well, no, he didn't pop up like a mole, but when they dug him up more than half an hour later, he was still breathing.
Houdini would usually allow his equipment to be examined by the audience. The chains, locks and packing cases all seemed perfectly genuine, so it was tempting to conclude that he possessed superhuman powers. Sir Arthur Conan Doyle's Sherlock Holmes was the very paragon of analytical thinking but Conan Doyle believed that Houdini achieved his tricks through spiritualism. Indeed, he wrote to the escapologist imploring him to use his psychic powers more profitably for the common good instead of just prostituting his talent every night at the Alhambra. However, Houdini repeatedly denounced spiritualism and disclaimed any psychic element to his act.
The alternative explanation for his feats of escapism was that Houdini could do unnatural things with his body. It is widely held that he could dislocate his shoulders to escape from strait-jackets, and that he could somehow contract his wrists in order to escape from handcuffs. His ability to spend long periods in confined spaces is cited as evidence that he could put his body into suspended animation, as Indian fakirs are supposed to do.
This is all nonsense. If you ever find yourself in a strait-jacket, it's difficult to imagine anything less helpful than a dislocated shoulder. Contracting your wrists is not only unhelpful but, frankly, impossible because the bones of your wrist are very tightly packed together and the whole structure is virtually incompressible. As for suspended animation, the trick of surviving burial and drowning relies on the fact that you can live for short periods on the air in a confined space. The air shifted by an average person in a day would occupy a cube just eight feet square. The build-up of carbon monoxide tends to pollute this supply, but, if you can relax, the air in a coffin should keep you going for half an hour or so.
In other words, there was nothing physically remarkable about Houdini except for his bravery, dexterity and fitness. His nerve was so cool that he could remain in a coffin six feet underground until they came to dig him up. His fingers were so strong that he could undo a buckle or manipulate keys through the canvas of a strait-jacket or a mail bag. He made a comprehensive study of locks and was able to conceal lock-picks about his person in a way which fooled even the doctors who examined him. When they locked him in the prison van he still had a hacksaw blade with which to saw through the joins in the metal lining and get access to the planks of the floor. As an entertainer he combined all this strength and ingenuity with a lot of trickery. His stage escapes took place behind a curtain with an orchestra playing to disguise the banging and sawing. The milk chum in which he was locked had a double lining so that, while the lid was locked onto the rim, the rim was not actually attached to the chum. Houdini merely had to stand up to get out. The mail sack he cut open at the seam and sewed up with similar thread. The bank safe from which he emerged had been secretly worked on by his mechanics for 24 hours before the performance.
All Houdini's feats are eminently explicable, although to explain them, even now, is a kind of heresy. Houdini belongs to that band of mythical supermen who, we like to believe, were capable of miracles and would still be alive today were it not for some piece of low trickery. It's said of Houdini that a punch in his belly when he wasn't prepared for it caused his burst appendix. Anatomically, it's virtually impossible that a punch could puncture your gut, but the story endures. Somehow the myth of the superman has an even greater appeal than the edifice of twenty-first century logic.
А15. In the first paragraph, what does the writer say Houdini managed to do?
1). Jump upside down from a skyscraper.
2). Escape from a submerged box.
3). Break the locks of a Russian prison van.
4). Fight his way out of an empty milk chum.
A16. The writer mentions Houdini's burial alive to illustrate the fact that
1). his tricks sometimes went disastrously wrong.
2). he was not always able to do what he claimed he could.
3). he was capable of extraordinary feats of survival.
4). he had overcome his tear of confined spaces.
A17. The writer suggests that Conan Doyle
1). was less analytical about Houdini than one might have expected.
2). asked Houdini if he could include him in a Sherlock Holmes story.
3). felt that Houdini could make more money in other ways.
4). thought there were scientific explanations for Houdini's feats.
A18. The writer comes to the conclusion that Houdini
1). had an unusual bone structure.
2). could make parts of his body smaller.
3). was able to put himself in a trance.
4). was not physically abnormal
A19. It appears that Houdini was able to escape from strait-jackets by
1). using hidden lock-picks.
2). undoing buckles from inside the material.
3). cutting the canvas with a hacksaw.
4). turning keys he had concealed.
A20. The writer states that when Houdini escaped from the milk chum
1). the role of the orchestra was important.
2). he made use of the hacksaw to free himself.
3). the container had been modified beforehand.
4). he was in full sight of the audience.
А21. How does the writer say people regard Houdini nowadays?
1). They want to hear the scientific explanations for his feats.
2). They prefer to believe that he had extraordinary powers.
3). They refuse to believe the story of how he died.
4). They doubt the fact that he ever really existed.
Для дальнейшей подготовки к выполнению заданий раздела "Чтение" рекомендуем обратиться к следующим пособиям:
1. Сафонова В.В., Бутенкова Е.В., Зуева П.А. ЕГЭ 2023. Английский язык: сборник заданий: 400 заданий с ответами. М.: Эксмо, 2022. 368 с.
2. Музланова Е.С. Английский язык: раздел "Чтение" на едином государственном экзамене. М.: Издательство АСТ, 2021. 142 с.
3. Веселова Ю.С. Тематический тренажер по английскому языку. Чтение. (Готовимся к ЕГЭ). М.: Интеллект-Центр, 2022. 64 с.